See Fenian on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hunter-warrior"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "By Stephen Reid, from Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race (1910) by Thomas William Rolleston.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "organization member"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"4": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Féni",
"pos": "plural",
"t": "originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"t": "to bring; to transport"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "fian"
},
"expansion": "Irish fian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Féni"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "féine"
},
"expansion": "Irish féine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive"
},
"expansion": "genitive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "fían"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fían",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-",
"t": "to chase, pursue"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ian",
"pos1": "suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’"
},
"expansion": "-ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partly from both of the following:\n* from Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural); further etymology uncertain, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”) (whence wagon and wain; referring to the use of chariots); and\n* from Irish fian, fiann (“roving band of (legendary) warrior-hunters”) (generally a view taken by English-speaking scholars, possibly due to the similarity between Old Irish Féni and Irish féine, féinne, the genitive singular forms of fian and fiann), from Old Irish fían, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”);\n+ English -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’). The adjective is attested slightly earlier than the noun.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Fenian (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Fen",
"i",
"an"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 1 1 24 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ireland",
"orig": "en:Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 2 1 23 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Northern Ireland",
"orig": "en:Northern Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-adj--i7xo7w~",
"links": [
[
"relating",
"relate"
],
[
"roving",
"roving#Adjective"
],
[
"bands",
"band#Noun"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient#Adjective"
],
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"hero",
"hero#Noun"
],
[
"Irish",
"Irish#Adjective"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"Of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland."
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"historical",
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "60 34 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 41 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 17 9 8 15 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 35 7 0 13 25 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "History of Europe",
"orig": "en:History of Europe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 1 1 24 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ireland",
"orig": "en:Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 2 1 23 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Northern Ireland",
"orig": "en:Northern Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"word": "Fenian Cycle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"word": "Fenianism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"word": "Fenianist"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-adj-fkSfwzuD",
"links": [
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"opposing",
"oppose"
],
[
"British",
"British#Adjective"
],
[
"rule",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"active",
"active#Adjective"
],
[
"centuries",
"century"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(also UK) Of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries."
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"UK",
"also",
"historical",
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "23 67 6 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland",
"word": "fenià"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 67 6 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 17 9 8 15 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to a Roman Catholic, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-adj-lPSRuAjg",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Roman Catholic",
"Roman Catholic#Noun"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"ethnicity",
"ethnicity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"Of or relating to a Roman Catholic, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"not-comparable",
"offensive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-adj-fnw8CeV2",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish#Adjective"
],
[
"association football",
"association football"
],
[
"club",
"club#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"Of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"not-comparable",
"offensive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 5 87",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club",
"word": "Celticiin liittyvä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "fē-nē-ən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "fēn′yən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Fenian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ne.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːniən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Irish Republican Brotherhood"
],
"word": "Fenian"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hunter-warrior"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "By Stephen Reid, from Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race (1910) by Thomas William Rolleston.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "organization member"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"4": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Féni",
"pos": "plural",
"t": "originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"t": "to bring; to transport"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "fian"
},
"expansion": "Irish fian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Féni"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "féine"
},
"expansion": "Irish féine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive"
},
"expansion": "genitive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "fían"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fían",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-",
"t": "to chase, pursue"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ian",
"pos1": "suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’"
},
"expansion": "-ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partly from both of the following:\n* from Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural); further etymology uncertain, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”) (whence wagon and wain; referring to the use of chariots); and\n* from Irish fian, fiann (“roving band of (legendary) warrior-hunters”) (generally a view taken by English-speaking scholars, possibly due to the similarity between Old Irish Féni and Irish féine, féinne, the genitive singular forms of fian and fiann), from Old Irish fían, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”);\n+ English -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’). The adjective is attested slightly earlier than the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Fenians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fenian (plural Fenians)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Fen",
"i",
"an"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 1 1 24 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ireland",
"orig": "en:Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 2 1 23 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Northern Ireland",
"orig": "en:Northern Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"ref": "1816, [Walter Scott], chapter I, in The Antiquary. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 26:",
"text": "Do you compare your psalms / To the tales of the bare-arm'd Fenians?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) a person of ancient Ireland."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-noun-en:hunter_warrior",
"links": [
[
"member",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"roving",
"roving#Adjective"
],
[
"band",
"band#Noun"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient#Adjective"
],
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"hero",
"hero#Noun"
],
[
"Irish",
"Irish#Adjective"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(chiefly in the plural) A member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) a person of ancient Ireland."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hunter-warrior"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"historical",
"in-plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "60 34 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "51 35 12 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person of ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Orangey"
},
{
"word": "Prod"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 17 9 8 15 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 1 1 24 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ireland",
"orig": "en:Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 24 2 1 23 24 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Northern Ireland",
"orig": "en:Northern Ireland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; (generally) an Irish nationalist or republican."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-noun-en:organization_member",
"links": [
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"opposing",
"oppose"
],
[
"British",
"British#Adjective"
],
[
"rule",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"active",
"active#Adjective"
],
[
"centuries",
"century"
],
[
"nationalist",
"nationalist#Noun"
],
[
"republican",
"republican#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(also UK) A member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; (generally) an Irish nationalist or republican."
],
"senseid": [
"en:organization member"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"UK",
"also",
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenià"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feniana"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenian"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fenian"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fínín"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feniagh"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenian"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feniano"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feniana"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 71 7 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ffeniad"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 26 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Irish nationalist or republican",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 50 26 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "Irish nationalist or republican",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fínín"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Orangey"
},
{
"word": "Prod"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 13 8 12 16 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 16 16 5 13 16 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 17 9 8 15 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
147,
154
]
],
"ref": "[2023 August 23, Rory Carroll, “Files reveal terms ministers were warned not to use in Northern Ireland”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 May 2025:",
"text": "It was sound advice for anyone visiting Northern Ireland in 1999 and remains so today: do not refer to Protestants as \"Prods\", or to Catholics as \"Fenians\" or \"Taigs\", and whatever you do don't refer to your visit as \"being out here\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman Catholic person, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-noun-NlIg3BR3",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Roman Catholic",
"Roman Catholic#Noun"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"ethnicity",
"ethnicity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"A Roman Catholic person, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "taig"
},
{
"word": "Tim"
}
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 14 12 10 13 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 13 13 12 10 13 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 13 12 10 14 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 14 12 9 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 16 11 8 14 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 15 12 7 15 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 14 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 14 17 11 8 13 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 17 12 6 15 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"id": "en-Fenian-en-noun-7a1-Yw-t",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"supporter",
"supporter"
],
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish#Adjective"
],
[
"association football",
"association football"
],
[
"club",
"club#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"A supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "taig"
},
{
"word": "Tim"
}
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"offensive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 7 85",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club",
"word": "Celticin kannattaja"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "fē-nē-ən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "fēn′yən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Fenian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ne.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːniən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Irish Republican Brotherhood"
],
"word": "Fenian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weǵʰ-",
"English terms suffixed with -ian",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːniən",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:History of Europe",
"en:Ireland",
"en:Northern Ireland"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Fenian Cycle"
},
{
"word": "Fenianism"
},
{
"word": "Fenianist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hunter-warrior"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "By Stephen Reid, from Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race (1910) by Thomas William Rolleston.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "organization member"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"4": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Féni",
"pos": "plural",
"t": "originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"t": "to bring; to transport"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "fian"
},
"expansion": "Irish fian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Féni"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "féine"
},
"expansion": "Irish féine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive"
},
"expansion": "genitive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "fían"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fían",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-",
"t": "to chase, pursue"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ian",
"pos1": "suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’"
},
"expansion": "-ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partly from both of the following:\n* from Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural); further etymology uncertain, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”) (whence wagon and wain; referring to the use of chariots); and\n* from Irish fian, fiann (“roving band of (legendary) warrior-hunters”) (generally a view taken by English-speaking scholars, possibly due to the similarity between Old Irish Féni and Irish féine, féinne, the genitive singular forms of fian and fiann), from Old Irish fían, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”);\n+ English -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’). The adjective is attested slightly earlier than the noun.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Fenian (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Fen",
"i",
"an"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"Irish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland."
],
"links": [
[
"relating",
"relate"
],
[
"roving",
"roving#Adjective"
],
[
"bands",
"band#Noun"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient#Adjective"
],
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"hero",
"hero#Noun"
],
[
"Irish",
"Irish#Adjective"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"people",
"person#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"Of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland."
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"historical",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with historical senses",
"Irish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries."
],
"links": [
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"opposing",
"oppose"
],
[
"British",
"British#Adjective"
],
[
"rule",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"active",
"active#Adjective"
],
[
"centuries",
"century"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(also UK) Of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries."
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"UK",
"also",
"historical",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"Northern Irish English",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to a Roman Catholic, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Roman Catholic",
"Roman Catholic#Noun"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"ethnicity",
"ethnicity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"Of or relating to a Roman Catholic, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"not-comparable",
"offensive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"Northern Irish English",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish#Adjective"
],
[
"association football",
"association football"
],
[
"club",
"club#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"Of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"not-comparable",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "fē-nē-ən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "fēn′yən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Fenian.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Fenian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-Fenian.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ne.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːniən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to roving bands of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to the people of ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland",
"word": "fenià"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to organizations opposing British rule in Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "of or relating to the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club",
"word": "Celticiin liittyvä"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Irish Republican Brotherhood"
],
"word": "Fenian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weǵʰ-",
"English terms suffixed with -ian",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːniən",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:History of Europe",
"en:Ireland",
"en:Northern Ireland"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hunter-warrior"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "By Stephen Reid, from Myths and Legends of the Celtic Race (1910) by Thomas William Rolleston.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "organization member"
},
"expansion": "noun sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"4": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Féni",
"pos": "plural",
"t": "originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weǵʰ-",
"t": "to bring; to transport"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "fian"
},
"expansion": "Irish fian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "Féni"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Féni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "féine"
},
"expansion": "Irish féine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive"
},
"expansion": "genitive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "fían"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fían",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-",
"t": "to chase, pursue"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ian",
"pos1": "suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’"
},
"expansion": "-ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partly from both of the following:\n* from Old Irish Féni (“originally the legendary people who inhabited Ireland; later the Irish people generally, especially those belonging to the social class of free citizens”, plural); further etymology uncertain, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring; to transport”) (whence wagon and wain; referring to the use of chariots); and\n* from Irish fian, fiann (“roving band of (legendary) warrior-hunters”) (generally a view taken by English-speaking scholars, possibly due to the similarity between Old Irish Féni and Irish féine, féinne, the genitive singular forms of fian and fiann), from Old Irish fían, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”);\n+ English -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from; related to’; and forming nouns with the sense ‘one from or related to’). The adjective is attested slightly earlier than the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Fenians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Fenian (plural Fenians)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Fen",
"i",
"an"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Irish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"ref": "1816, [Walter Scott], chapter I, in The Antiquary. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 26:",
"text": "Do you compare your psalms / To the tales of the bare-arm'd Fenians?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) a person of ancient Ireland."
],
"links": [
[
"member",
"member#Noun"
],
[
"roving",
"roving#Adjective"
],
[
"band",
"band#Noun"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient#Adjective"
],
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"hero",
"hero#Noun"
],
[
"Irish",
"Irish#Adjective"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(chiefly in the plural) A member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland, especially the band led by the hero Fionn mac Cumhaill in Irish mythology; (generally) a person of ancient Ireland."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hunter-warrior"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"historical",
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Orangey"
},
{
"word": "Prod"
}
],
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with historical senses",
"Irish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; (generally) an Irish nationalist or republican."
],
"links": [
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"opposing",
"oppose"
],
[
"British",
"British#Adjective"
],
[
"rule",
"rule#Noun"
],
[
"active",
"active#Adjective"
],
[
"centuries",
"century"
],
[
"nationalist",
"nationalist#Noun"
],
[
"republican",
"republican#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ireland, historical)",
"(also UK) A member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood which were active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; (generally) an Irish nationalist or republican."
],
"senseid": [
"en:organization member"
],
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"UK",
"also",
"historical"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Orangey"
},
{
"word": "Prod"
}
],
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Northern Irish English",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
147,
154
]
],
"ref": "[2023 August 23, Rory Carroll, “Files reveal terms ministers were warned not to use in Northern Ireland”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 May 2025:",
"text": "It was sound advice for anyone visiting Northern Ireland in 1999 and remains so today: do not refer to Protestants as \"Prods\", or to Catholics as \"Fenians\" or \"Taigs\", and whatever you do don't refer to your visit as \"being out here\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman Catholic person, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Roman Catholic",
"Roman Catholic#Noun"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"ethnicity",
"ethnicity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"A Roman Catholic person, chiefly one of Irish descent or ethnicity."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "taig"
},
{
"word": "Tim"
}
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English offensive terms",
"Northern Irish English",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"supporter",
"supporter"
],
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish#Adjective"
],
[
"association football",
"association football"
],
[
"club",
"club#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Northern Ireland, Scotland, derogatory, offensive)",
"A supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "taig"
},
{
"word": "Tim"
}
],
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland",
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "fē-nē-ən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "fēn′yən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Fenian.wav",
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"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.njən/",
"tags": [
"Ireland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.njɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.ne.ɪn/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːniən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "member of a roving band of hunter-warriors in ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person of ancient Ireland",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenià"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feniana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenian"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fenian"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fínín"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feniagh"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fenian"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "feniano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "feniana"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "member of an organization opposing British rule in Ireland, especially the Fenian Brotherhood or Irish Republican Brotherhood",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ffeniad"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Irish nationalist or republican",
"word": "feeniläinen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "Irish nationalist or republican",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fínín"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "supporter of the Scottish association football club Celtic Football Club",
"word": "Celticin kannattaja"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Irish Republican Brotherhood"
],
"word": "Fenian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Fenian meaning in All languages combined (22.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.